"divisa"
divido, -videre, -visi, -visum to divide
"partes"
pars, partis f. part, region
"Gallia est omnis"
Gaul as a whole, all of Gaul
"incolunt"
incolo, -colere, -colui: to inhabit
"Belgae"
Belgae, Belgarum m. pl. the Belgians
"aliam"
alius, alia, aliud: other
"qui ipsorum lingua"
who, in the language (ablative) of their own
"appellantur"
appello, appellare: to call, name
"lingua"
lingua, -ae f. tongue, language
"institutis"
institutum, i n. plan, practice, custom, institution
"differunt"
differro, differre, distuli, dilatus:
to differ, be different grammar:
verbs
"Gallos"
Galli, Gallorum m. the Gauls
[Gallus, -a, -um: of Gaul, Gallic]
"Garumna flumen"
the river Garonne
"Matrona et Sequana"
Matrona, -ae f. : the Marne river
Sequana, -ae f. : the Seine river
"cultu"
cultus, cultûs m. : mode of life, civilization
"humanitate"
humanitas, -atis f. : humanity, refinement, culture
"propterea quod"
propterea: on this account
closely connected with quod: = because
"minimeque"
minime ...saepe very rarely (lit. least often)
"mercatores"
mercator, -oris m.: trader, merchant
"commeant"
commeo, commeare, commeavi, commeatus:
to go back and forth, visit, resort to
"longissime absunt"
absum, abesse, afui: be distant, be absent
longe abesse: to be far away
"pertinent"
pertineo, pertinere, pertinui:
pertain to, concern, belong to
"important"
importare: to import
"proximique"
proximus, -a, um near
"ea quae"
those things which (is, ea, id)
"ad effeminandos animos"
effeminare: make womanish, weaken, enervate (this term probably
no longer politically correct)
"Germanis"
Germani, -orum m. : Germanic people [Germanus, -a, -um: Germanic]
"incolunt"
incolo, incolere, incolui: to inhabit, live, dwell
"trans Rhenum"
across the river Rhine
"bellum gerunt"
bellum gerrere: to wage war
"Helvetii"
the Helvetian, Swiss
"virtute"
virtus, -utis f. courage, bravery
"praecedunt"
praecedo, -cedere, -cesse, -cessurus: to go before; surpass, excel
"Qua de causa"
for which reason
"reliquos Gallos"
the rest of the Gauls
"cotidianis"
cotidianus, -a, -um: daily
"aut"
aut .... aut : either... or
"finibus"
finis, finis m. limit, border; Plural: territory,
country, land
"prohibent"
prohibeo, -êre, -hibui, -hibitum: hold, restrain, keep
off, repell
"proeliis cum Germanis
contendunt"
proeliis contendere: to contend in battle
"bellum gerunt"
bellum gerrere: to wage war
"Eorum una pars"
one of their regions (lit. one region of theirs)
"quam Gallos obtinere dictum est"
Acc. cum Inf. construction: "which has been said that the Gauls
occupy it", which is claimed to be inhabited by Gauls
obtineo, -tinêre, -tinui, -tentum: hold fast;
get possession of; occupy, inhabit
"initium capit"
initium capere: to tak one's beginning, to start
"continetur"
contineo, -êre, -tinui, -tentum: hold together;
of regions: hem in, bound, border
"attingit"
attingo, -ëre, -tigi, -tactus: touch, reach;
of territorial divisions: border on, extend to, adjoin
"ab Sequanis et Helvetiis"
= at (lit. from) the side of the Sequanians and Helvetians
"Garumna flumine"
by the river Garonne
"vergit ad "
vergo, vergëre: lie; be situated
"septentriones"
septentriones, -um [septem + trio (plow ox)] the seven stars forming
the Big Dipper, hence: the North
"ab extremis"
ab extremis finibus Galliae: from the remotest region of Gaul
"oriuntur"
orior, oriri, ortum: rise, begin, spring from; start from
= The (territory of the) Belgian people start(s) at the remotest region
of Gaul ...
"pertinent"
pertineo, -ere, -tinui, -tentum: reach out, extend;
pertain to, belong to
"inferiorem"
inferus, -a, um below, lower; Comparative: inferior, -oris:
lower
"spectant"
specto, spectare: to look, face (toward)
"in septentrionem et orientem solem"
septentriones, -um [septem + trio (plow ox)] the seven stars
forming the big Dipper, hence: the North
sol oriens: the rising sun, hence East.
"spectat inter occasum solis et septentriones."
it faces between the setting of the sun and the Big Dipper: = it faces
North West